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Few studies have evaluated the effects of ambient air pollution exposure on lung function, especially in areas with high air pollution levels.

To investigate the associations of annual concentrations of particulate matter with diameters<2.5μm (PM

) and nitrogen dioxide (NO

) with adult lung function in Shanghai, China.

We included 5276 permanent residents aged≥20years. Annual residential exposure to PM

and NO

was estimated by validated satellite-based and land use regression models, respectively. The effects of PM

and NO

on lung function were estimated separately using multivariable linear regression, adjusting for potential confounders.

Higher exposure to PM

and NO

was significantly associated with lower forced vital capacity (FVC), inspiration capacity (IC), and vital capacity (VC). An increase of 10μg/m

in the annual average PM

exposure was associated with a 45.83ml (95% CI -82.59, -9.07) lower FVC, 1.36 (95% CI -2.42, -0.29) lower FVC of % predicted (FVC

), 121.98ml (95% CI -ociated with impaired lung function, presenting as restrictive ventilatory patterns.

In this study, long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants was significantly associated with impaired lung function, presenting as restrictive ventilatory patterns.

Child victimization is one of the most serious, preventable threats to child health and wellbeing around the world. Contemporary research has demonstrated that polyvictimization, or children’s experience of multiple types of victimization, is particularly detrimental.

The current study aims to evaluate relationships between child victimization and child resilience with a particular focus on caregiver and family promotive factors.

Participants included N = 385 caregiver-child dyads from a high-risk neighborhood in San Juan de Lurigancho district in Lima, Peru.

Data were collected in the context of a representative survey of houses in the neighborhood; an index child (ages 4-17) was randomly selected for each household and caregivers provided reports on core study constructs.

Child victimization (β = .35, p < .001) and harsh punishment (β = .17, p < .001) were associated with higher levels of child adjustment problems. Caregiver depression was associated with both higher adjustment problems (β =e promising potential targets address in the context of interventions aimed at promoting child resilience.The current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reported in China firstly. A rapid, highly sensitive, specific, and simple operational method was needed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we established a real-time reverse-transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay (RT-RAA) to detect SARS-CoV-2 rapidly. The primers and probe were designed based on the nucleocapsid protein gene (N gene) sequence of SARS-CoV-2. The detection limit was 10 copies per reaction in this assay, which could be conducted within 15 min at a constant temperature (39 °C), without any cross-reactions with other respiratory tract pathogens, such as other coronaviruses. Furthermore, compared with commercial real-time RT-PCR assay, it showed a kappa value of 0.959 (p less then 0.001) from 150 clinical specimens. These results indicated that this real-time RT-RAA assay may be a valuable tool for detecting SARS-CoV-2.COVID-19 affected our mental health as well as our physical health. selleck chemicals llc In this study, the anxiety and hopelessness levels of healthcare workers and non-healthcare workers and the factors affecting them were evaluated in Turkey. Beck Hopelessness Scale and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was applied online to participants. Totally 2156 individuals were included in the study and 52.0% (n1121) of them are healthcare workers. The hopelessness and state anxiety levels of healthcare workers were higher than non-healthcare workers. Nurses’ hopelessness levels are higher than doctors, and state anxiety levels are higher than both doctors and other healthcare workers. Anxiety and hopelessness levels were higher in women, those living with a high-risk individual at home during the pandemic, those who had difficulty in caring for their children, and those whose income decreased. Anxiety levels are an important predictor of hopelessness. The increase in anxiety levels explained 28.9% of the increase in hopelessness levels. Increased working hours is one of the important factors affecting anxiety. As a conclusion, healthcare workers were more affected psychologically in the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the society. Nurses were affected more than other healthcare workers. It is important to identify the factors affecting anxiety, hopelessness, and individuals who may be more psychologically affected during the pandemic. An important contribution can be made to the protection of public health by ensuring that psychosocial interventions for high-risk groups are planned in advance.

The objective of this short communication is to provide a previous empirical analysis to locate the regions that have distortions in per capita tobacco consumption. The location of these regions and their proximity to other countries allow us to detect the need that governments have to harmonize policies.

The design of this study is a cross-sectional spatial descriptive analysis.

By using panel data from the 47 Spanish provinces from 2002 to 2017, we implement the Moran’s I test which allows us to detect areas where low or high per capita tobacco consumption clusters are generated.

The results show that areas of Spain bordering countries with high price differentials, such as Gibraltar and France, generate clusters of low and high per capita tobacco consumption, respectively. Indeed, maintaining a low price differential seems not to generate distortions, as revealed by the Portugal case.

Spatial clusters of per capita tobacco consumption are located in regions close to countries where there is high price differential.

Spatial clusters of per capita tobacco consumption are located in regions close to countries where there is high price differential.