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With the underlying rationale that social identification is related to psychological health and well-being, we aimed to understand how social connections and group structure within college club sport teams relate to students’ perceptions of social identification.

We sampled 852 student-athletes from 35 intact same-sex college club sport teams. Using social network analyses derived from teammates’ reports of connections with one another (i.e., time spent outside of sport, and teammate friendships), we computed outdegree centrality (i.e., self-reported connections with teammates), indegree centrality (i.e., nominations from others), and group-level density. Multilevel models were fit to test the relative effects of outdegree centrality, indegree centrality, and group-level team density on athletes’ social identification strength.

Outdegree centrality, indegree centrality, and team density were all positively related to the strength of athletes’ social identification with their sport team. Examining model social connections with teammates may form a stronger sense of social identification. Alongside theoretical contributions to a social identity approach to studying small groups, the current study highlights the utility of studying small groups using social network methodologies.This paper introduces a new observation system that is designed to investigate students’ and teachers’ talk during literacy instruction, Creating Opportunities to Learn from Text (COLT). Using video-recorded observations of 2nd-3rd grade literacy instruction (N=51 classrooms, 337 students, 151 observations), we found that nine types of student talk ranged from using non-verbal gestures to generating new ideas. The more a student talked, the greater were his/her reading comprehension (RC) gains. Classmate talk also predicted RC outcomes (total effect size=0.27). We found that 11 types of teacher talk ranged from asking simple questions to encouraging students’ thinking and reasoning. Teacher talk predicted student talk but did not predict students’ RC gains directly. Findings highlight the importance of each student’s discourse during literacy instruction, how classmates’ talk contributes to the learning environments that each student experiences, and how this affects RC gains, with implications for improving the effectiveness of literacy instruction.

Life expectancy has increased substantially. BTK signaling pathway inhibitors Elderly patients currently represent a large part of patients requiring emergency abdominal surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the postoperative outcomes of elderly patients who underwent appendectomy in a single French tertiary center.

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis between January 1, 1994 and December 31, 2014. We used the French threshold of ≥ 75 y-old to define elderly patients. Hence, elderly patients who underwent appendectomy were compared to the younger group.

During the study period, 2,060 consecutive patients underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis. Laparoscopic appendectomy was performed in 52% of cases. Similar rates of laparoscopic approach were recorded in both groups, but conversion to open surgery was six times more frequent in elderly patients (17% vs. 3%;

< .0001). A higher incidence of complicated appendicitis was observed in the elderly group (63% vs. 13.6%;

< .0001). Complications occurred more frequently in the elderly group (46% vs. 8%;

< .0001). 30-d mortality was 0.15% for patients < 75 y and 6.15% for elderly patients (

< .0001). Unsuspected presence of an appendiceal neoplasm was higher (7.7%) in the elderly population.

This study highlights the fact that appendicitis in the elderly is associated with a higher rate of complicated appendicitis, morbidity, and mortality.

This study highlights the fact that appendicitis in the elderly is associated with a higher rate of complicated appendicitis, morbidity, and mortality.In 1950, a group of scientists and public figures, based in Hawaii and England, launched a transnational “restoration project” to save the nēnē or Hawaiian goose from extinction. Scrutinizing this project highlights how endangered species were valued as part of a historically contingent process that reflected and linked the interests of different groups. People did not undertake the restoration project simply because they realized the nēnē were endangered, but, instead, they sought to rescue it at the “eleventh hour” in order to legitimize the new conservation organizations that they helped establish after the Second World War. They also engaged with broader political and socioeconomic concerns to justify the restoration project, publicly framing the nēnē as a valuable asset that benefited Hawaii’s tourist economy and push for statehood. Disputes over the reintroduction of geese bred in England highlight how the nēnē were valued in complex and sometimes contradictory ways, with unforeseen consequences for both the restoration project and its animal subjects. This case study ultimately draws our attention to the inherently biopolitical nature of modern conservation, by showing that there is no simple trajectory from endangered life to valued life.Sustaining a stroke, regardless of its severity, is a life-changing and often traumatizing event that can lead to chronic depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress in both survivors and their family caregivers. Psychosocial interventions for emotional distress after stroke are limited, have emphasized psychoeducation rather than skills, treatment of chronic emotional distress rather than prevention, and have targeted either the patient or their caregiver without accounting for the context of their interpersonal relationship. Here we discuss “Recovering Together,” a novel program for dyads of patients with stroke and their family caregivers aimed at preventing chronic emotional distress by using cognitive behavioral principles to teach resiliency and interpersonal communication skills beginning during hospitalization in a neuroscience intensive care unit and continuing after discharge via telehealth. We illustrate the case of a pilot dyad enrolled in the Recovering Together program, to showcase how patients and caregivers can engage with and benefit from it.