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With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic surging and new mutations evolving, trust in vaccines is essential.

We explored correlates of vaccine hesitancy, considering political believes and psychosocial concepts, conducting a non-probability quota-sampled online survey with 1007 Austrians.

We identified several important correlates of vaccine hesitancy, ranging from demographics to complex factors such as voting behavior or trust in the government. Among those with hesitancy towards a COVID-19 vaccine, having voted for opposition parties (opp) or not voted (novote) were (95% Confidence Intervall (CI)opp, 1.44-2.95) to 2.25-times (95%CInovote, 1.53-3.30) that of having voted for governing parties. Only 46.2% trusted the Austrian government to provide safe vaccines, and 80.7% requested independent scientific evaluations regarding vaccine safety to increase willingness to vaccine.

Contrary to expected, psychosocial dimensions were only weakly correlated with vaccine hesitancy. However, the strong correlation between distrust in the vaccine and distrust in authorities suggests a common cause of disengagement from public discourse.

Contrary to expected, psychosocial dimensions were only weakly correlated with vaccine hesitancy. However, the strong correlation between distrust in the vaccine and distrust in authorities suggests a common cause of disengagement from public discourse.This article aims to evaluate “racial”, ethnic, and population diversity-or lack thereof-in psychosis research, with a particular focus on socio-environmental studies. Samples of psychosis research remain heavily biased toward Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) societies. Furthermore, we often fail to acknowledge the lack of diversity, thereby implying that our findings can be generalized to all populations regardless of their social, ethnic, and cultural background. This has major consequences. Clinical trials generate findings that are not generalizable across ethnicity. The genomic-based prediction models are far from being applicable to the “Majority World.” Socio-environmental theories of psychosis are solely based on findings of the empirical studies conducted in WEIRD populations. If and how these socio-environmental factors affect individuals in entirely different geographic locations, gene pools, social structures and norms, cultures, and potentially protective counter-factors remain unclear. How socio-environmental factors are assessed and studied is another major shortcoming. By embracing the complexity of environment, the exposome paradigm may facilitate the evaluation of interdependent exposures, which could explain how variations in socio-environmental factors across different social and geographical settings could contribute to divergent paths to psychosis. Testing these divergent paths to psychosis will however require increasing the diversity of study populations that could be achieved by establishing true partnerships between WEIRD societies and the Majority World with the support of funding agencies aspired to foster replicable research across diverse populations. The time has come to make diversity in psychosis research more than a buzzword.

The best treatment for rheumatic mitral regurgitation is still under debate. Our goal was to assess the long-term results of mitral repair for rheumatic mitral regurgitation performed in 2 referral centres for mitral repair.

Patients who underwent mitral valve repair between 1999 and 2009 were selected. Preoperative and postoperative data were prospectively entered into a dedicated database and retrospectively reviewed. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to analyse long-term survival. Competing risk analysis was performed by calculating the cumulative incidence function for time to recurrence of mitral regurgitation ≥3+, mitral regurgitation ≥2+, mitral reoperation and the combined end point of repair failure (mitral regurgitation ≥ 3+ and/or mean gradient ≥ 10 mmHg and/or mitral valve REDO) with death as a competing risk.

A total of 72 patients were included. Mitral calcifications were present in 25 patients (34.7%). Most of the patients (65/72, 90.3%) underwent annuloplasty, and mixes of reparative techomical conditions.

Hump-nosed vipers of the genus Hypnale are the most common cause of venomous snakebites in Sri Lanka. The genus includes three species Hypnale hypnale, Hypnale zara and Hypnale nepa. Of them, H. hypnale bites are the most common and are the subject of many publications. selleck chemicals The epidemiology and clinical features of bites by the other two species have been less investigated.

We conducted a prospective observational study of H. zara bites from January 2015 to June 2020 at the Teaching Hospital, Ratnapura, Sri Lanka. Data were collected for 5.5 years in the wet zone of the island, where the principal investigator did assessment of all patients and the data collection.

H. zara envenoming was confirmed through identification of dead or live snake specimens brought with the patients. Of the 480 patients with proven hump-nosed viper bites, H. zara bites accounted for 105 (22%), including dry bites (n=5 [5%]) and envenoming (n=100 [95%]), with gender distribution of 65 (62%) males and a mean age of 43.1y. Most bite.

This study shows that H. zara bites mainly cause local envenoming and rarely systemic effects.In spot scanning proton therapy (SSPT), the spot position relative to the target may fluctuate through tumor motion even when gating the radiation by utilizing a fiducial marker. We have established a procedure that evaluates the delivered dose distribution by utilizing log data on tumor motion and spot information. The purpose of this study is to show the reliability of the dose distributions for liver tumors treated with real-time-image gated SSPT (RGPT). In the evaluation procedure, the delivered spot information and the marker position are synchronized on the basis of log data on the timing of the spot irradiation and fluoroscopic X-ray irradiation. Then a treatment planning system reconstructs the delivered dose distribution. Dose distributions accumulated for all fractions were reconstructed for eight liver cases. The log data were acquired in all 168 fractions for all eight cases. The evaluation was performed for the values of maximum dose, minimum dose, D99, and D5-D95 for the clinical target volumes (CTVs) and mean liver dose (MLD) scaled by the prescribed dose.