Activity

One-way analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were used to compare representative values to investigate the changes due to pain.

Oxy-Hb levels decreased the most during the 20 s stage directly after stimulus application. This change was seen mainly on the contralateral side, after which it returned to the resting baseline level before the stimulus application.

Our data demonstrate that in healthy males, a mechanism exists to mitigate pain involving the pain suppression system in the 20 s after feeling mild pain to the gingiva.

Our data demonstrate that in healthy males, a mechanism exists to mitigate pain involving the pain suppression system in the 20 s after feeling mild pain to the gingiva.

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) play a crucial role in the tissue healing process through odontoblast like cell differentiation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and compare the potential invitro cytotoxic effects of NeoMTA Plus, ProRootMTA and Biodentine on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).

To assess the effects of NeoMTA Plus, ProRoot MTA and Biodentine extracts at 1st, 3rd and 7th d on hDPCs, cell populations was determined by flow cytometry using an Annexin V detection kit. The data were analyzed statistically using the Kruskal-Wallis test. A

 < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

All groups showed cell viability similar to that of the control group on 1st, 3rd and 7th d. Although Biodentine exhibited higher cell viability rates than the other material groups, no statistically significant differences were noted between the sampled days (

0.05).

All materials extracts are not cytotoxic and do not induce apoptosis in the hDPSCs. These results suggest that all the tested materials can lead to positive outcomes when used as reparative biomaterials.

All materials extracts are not cytotoxic and do not induce apoptosis in the hDPSCs. These results suggest that all the tested materials can lead to positive outcomes when used as reparative biomaterials.

Residual calcium hydroxide (CH) in the root canal dentine walls may influence the adhesion of tricalcium silicate-based materials. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of various CH removal protocols on the dislodgement resistance of biodentine from simulated immature root canals in an experimental apexification model.

CH was applied to 120 simulated immature root canals. The samples were divided into 12 experimental groups (n=10) according to the applied irrigation protocols used for the removal of CH Group 1 Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), Conventional needle irrigation (CNI); Group 2 NaOCl, EndoActivator; Group 3 NaOCl, XP-endo Finisher; Group 4 NaOCl- Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), CNI; Group 5 NaOCl-EDTA, EndoActivator; Group 6 NaOCl-EDTA, XP-Endo Finisher; Group 7 NaOCl+etidronic acid (HEBP), CNI; Group 8 NaOCl+HEBP, EndoActivator; Group 9 NaOCl+HEBP, XP-endo Finisher; Group 10 NaOCl- Peracetic acid (PAA), CNI; Group 11 NaOCl-PAA, EndoActivator; Group 12 NaOCl-PAA, XP-endo Finisher; Control Group CH was not applied. Biodentine was placed at the apical thirds of 130 immature root canals. Vertical loading was applied to biodentine fillings inside the dentin discs. Maximum force to dislodge the material was statistically analyzed with ANOVA.

The control, NaOCl+HEBP (CNI, EndoActivator, XP-endo Finisher) and NaOCl-PAA (EndoActivator, XP-endo Finisher) groups exhibited the lowest dislodgement resistance values (p<0.001). When used CNI, irrigation with NaOCl+HEBP resulted in lower resistance to dislodgement of biodentine compared to NaOCl, and NaOCl-EDTA (p<0.001).

Adhesion of apical barrier materials to root canal dentine can be influenced by the irrigation protocols used for CH removal.

Adhesion of apical barrier materials to root canal dentine can be influenced by the irrigation protocols used for CH removal.

Facial asymmetry is relatively common in the general population. VX-11e Here, we propose a fully automated annotation system that supports analysis of mandibular deviation and detection of facial asymmetry in posteroanterior (PA) cephalograms by means of a deep learning-based convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm.

In this retrospective study, 400 PA cephalograms were collected from the medical records of patients aged 4 years 2 months-80 years 3 months (mean age, 17 years 10 months; 255 female patients and 145 male patients). A deep CNN with two optimizers and a random forest algorithm were trained using 320 PA cephalograms; in these images, four PA landmarks were independently identified and manually annotated by two orthodontists.

The CNN algorithms had a high coefficient of determination (

), compared with the random forest algorithm (CNN-stochastic gradient descent,

 = 0.715; CNN-Adam,

 = 0.700; random forest,

 = 0.486). Analysis of the best and worst performances of the algorithms for each landmark demonstrated that the right latero-orbital landmark was most difficult to detect accurately by using the CNN. Based on the annotated landmarks, reference lines were defined using an algorithm coded in Python. link2 The CNN and random forest algorithms exhibited similar accuracy for the distance between the menton and vertical reference line.

Our findings imply that the proposed deep CNN algorithm for detection of facial asymmetry may enable prompt assessment and reduce the effort involved in orthodontic diagnosis.

Our findings imply that the proposed deep CNN algorithm for detection of facial asymmetry may enable prompt assessment and reduce the effort involved in orthodontic diagnosis.

Information regarding agreements between periapical radiograph (PA) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in detecting peri-implant defect is still scarce. The aim of this clinical study was to compare agreements between PA and CBCT in detecting peri-implant bone defect.

This retrospective clinical study enrolled 32 patients with both PA and CBCT filmed right after implant placement. Four modalities were used for film reading PA1 (original), PA2 (enhanced brightness/contrast), CBCT1 (selected axial and mesial-distal direction images) and CBCT2 (all data with software). 2 experienced and 2 inexperienced observers scored all films. Intra- and inter-observer agreements were estimated with Cohen’s kappa coefficient. Categorized agreements were compared and differences among four modalities were calculated.

Agreements of PA were better than CBCT when detecting peri-implant bone defects in inter-observer agreements (median kappa 0.471 vs. 0.192; p = 0.016). Moreover, agreements in experienced observers were better than inexperienced observers (median kappa 0.883 vs. 0.567; p < 0.001). There was significant difference among four modalities except for experienced observer 2 (p = 0.218).

Agreements of PA are better than CBCT when detecting peri-implant bone defects, especially for inter-observer agreements. link3 Experienced observers are more consistent in assessment than inexperienced ones.

Agreements of PA are better than CBCT when detecting peri-implant bone defects, especially for inter-observer agreements. Experienced observers are more consistent in assessment than inexperienced ones.

Relieving immuno-inflammatory responses is the prerequisite step for treating periodontitis. The angiogenic small molecule, dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and osteoinductive inorganic nanomaterial, nanosilicate (nSi) have a powerful effect on bone regeneration, whereas the roles in osteoimmunomodulation have not been totally uncovered. Our study aimed to explore the immunomodulatory effect of DMOG/nSi-loaded fibrous membranes on periodontal bone remodeling.

The fibrous membranes were prepared by incorporating DMOG and nSi into poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) with electrospinning. The morphology features, surface chemical property and biocompatibility of DMOG/nSi-PLGA fibrous membranes were characterized. Thereafter, the fibrous membranes were implanted into rat periodontal defects, bone remodeling potential and immunomodulatory effect were evaluated by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histological evaluation and immunohistochemical analysis.

DMOG/nSi-PLGA membranes possessed favorable physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. After the fibrous membranes implanted into periodontal defects, DMOG/nSi-PLGA membranes could relieve immuno-inflammatory responses of the defects (reduction of inflammatory cell infiltration, CD40L and CD11b-positive cells), increased CD206-positive M2 macrophages, and eventually facilitated periodontal bone regeneration.

DMOG/nSi-PLGA fibrous membranes exert protective effects during periodontal bone defect repairing, and steer immune response towards bone regeneration. Consequently, DMOG/nSi-PLGA fibrous membranes may serve as a promising scaffold in periodontal tissue engineering.

DMOG/nSi-PLGA fibrous membranes exert protective effects during periodontal bone defect repairing, and steer immune response towards bone regeneration. Consequently, DMOG/nSi-PLGA fibrous membranes may serve as a promising scaffold in periodontal tissue engineering.

With the advancement of an over aging society, the average number of remaining teeth has increased. However, these remaining teeth do not always have sufficient alveolar bone support, and sometimes fabricated connected crowns are applied. This study evaluated the influence of crown material, crown thickness, and alveolar bone resorption on the stress distribution within the abutment teeth of connected crowns.

Using structural analysis software, a premolar crown model was fabricated. Three kinds of crown materials, two types of crown thickness, two types of post and core systems, and two levels of alveolar bone were assumed and evaluated for the stress distribution within the abutment teeth.

The higher material properties crown was, the more stress was concentrated at the marginal area. The composite resin core showed larger stress values around the marginal area, and the metal core showed larger stress values at the tip of the post. Alveolar bone resorption progressed, the marginal area stress value increased.

The low elastic modulus crown material polyetheretherketone (PEEK) prevented stress concentrations at the marginal area of the crown and dentine, even with alveolar bone resorption. However, the amount of bone resorption has a great influence on the stress distribution around the tip of the post compared to the type of crown material.

The low elastic modulus crown material polyetheretherketone (PEEK) prevented stress concentrations at the marginal area of the crown and dentine, even with alveolar bone resorption. However, the amount of bone resorption has a great influence on the stress distribution around the tip of the post compared to the type of crown material.

Proper breathing is essential to healthy growth and development of children. The present study aimed to investigate changes in the pharyngeal airway space in primary-school children.

Cephalometric radiographs were obtained from 93 primary-school children, who were divided into three age groups (Group I, aged 7-8 years; Group II, aged 9-10 years; and Group III, aged 11-12 years). Landmarks identified on each cephalogram included the tip of the uvula (U), hyoid bone (H), and epiglottis (E). Linear and angular measurements comprised nasopharyngeal airway (NP); PS (shortest distance from the soft palate to the pharyngeal wall); UP (distance from the tip of the uvula to the pharyngeal wall); TS (shortest distance from the posterior tongue to the pharyngeal wall); EP (distance, parallel to the X-axis, from the epiglottis to the pharyngeal wall). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation tests.

Group III had the highest values for all the variables. The three groups exhibited significant differences for all pharyngeal airway variables, except for EP.