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Testicular masses found in prepubertal males are often benign in nature. This has led to an increase in the use of testis-sparing surgery. Testicular torsion is considered a urologic emergency that requires immediate surgical intervention. Based off literature review, it is rare for these unique entities to present synchronously in a single patient. This report demonstrates that in the pediatric population it is possible to safely treat a suspected benign testicular mass with testis sparing mass enucleation if it presents synchronously with testicular torsion in the contralateral testis.

To quantify the representation of women urologists as invited speakers at the AUA Annual Meeting.

Programs for the AUA Annual Meeting were reviewed from 2017 to 2019. read more Topics of sessions and genders of moderators and panelists were collected. Percentages of women urologists as well as topics of sessions were compared between years.

Women urologists comprised 60 of 467 moderators (12.8%) and 63 of 614 panelists (10.3%). Sessions about infection had the most women urologist moderators while oncology had the least. Sessions about FPMRS has the most women urologists as panelists. Male urologists were more likely to be full professors compared to women urologists. While the percentage of female panelists fluctuated, the percentage of female moderators decreased each year.

Although the proportion of women to men in urology is increasing, the number and proportion of woman urologist panelists and moderators at the annual AUA meeting does not reflect this trend. It is important to recognize and correct this discrepancy, as well as to increase visibility of women and others underrepresented in the field.

Although the proportion of women to men in urology is increasing, the number and proportion of woman urologist panelists and moderators at the annual AUA meeting does not reflect this trend. It is important to recognize and correct this discrepancy, as well as to increase visibility of women and others underrepresented in the field.A 16-year-old female was incidentally found to have an abnormal pelvic ultrasound while undergoing evaluation for mild scoliosis. A large, thick-walled, lobular, fluid-filled structure was found at midline in the pelvis that initially resembled bladder diverticula due to its anatomical position and sonographic appearance. Voiding cystourethrogram and computed tomography later revealed a large cystic mass originating from the right ovary. This report outlines a case of a mature cystic teratoma convincingly mimicking bladder anomaly on sonography.

To examine the factors associated with iatrogenic ureteral injury litigation and outcomes.

The Westlaw legal database was queried for all iatrogenic ureteral injury cases. Variables extracted included available clinical factors, method of settlement, and litigation outcomes. Linear regression analysis was conducted to examine factors associated with award amount.

A total of 522 cases from 1961 to 2019 were included in the study. The most common specialty named was gynecology (353/512, 68.9%), followed by urology (89/512, 17.4%). The most common claim was intraoperative negligence (474/522 cases, 90.8%). Fifty two cases were settled or arbitrated and 470 went to trial. Settlement or arbitration was more likely in cases involving institution-only defendant (15.4% vs 7.3%, P< .01), academic institution (19.7% vs 7.1%, P < .01), and patient death (42.9% vs 10.7%; P < .001). Of cases that went to trial, the verdict favored the defendant in 339/470 cases (72.1%). The median award was $552,822.96 (intking.Algal biofuels are a promising alternative to fossil fuels, but their widespread use is hindered by problems with mass production. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with specific light wavelengths could be used as an energy source for algal growth and lipid synthesis. In this study, the effects of light source on the biomass and lipid production of the aerial microalga Coccomyxa sp. KGU-D001 were evaluated using LEDs. The integration of two-phase cultures, including growth and lipid production under the stress of nitrate depletion, was assessed for efficient lipid production under liquid- or aerial-phase conditions. Different wavelengths of light (blue, green, and red) were tested under liquid- and aerial-phase conditions. Under aerial-phase culture, the fatty acid contents in biofilm reached 320 mg g DWC-1 with the red LEDs. In view of these findings, we describe a one-step culture method for growth and lipid accumulation in algal biofilm under aerial-phase culture with red LED irradiation. When Coccomyxa biofilm was cultured on wet cotton wool with BBM in a petri dish under the red LED, it was able to grow and accumulate lipids under the aerial-phase condition. Based on the results of this study, a potential method for a continuous biodiesel production system is proposed.

It is crucial to identify patients at highest risk for opioid use disorder (OUD) and to address challenges in reducing opioid use. Reported nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) allergies may predispose to use of stronger pain medications and potentially to OUD.

We sought to investigate the clinical impact of reported NSAID allergy on OUD in patients with chronic back pain.

We conducted a retrospective study of adults receiving care at a tertiary health care system from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2018. Back pain and OUD were identified using administrative data algorithms. We used propensity score matching and logistic regression to estimate the impact of self-reported NSAID adverse drug reactions (ADRs) on risk of OUD, adjusting for other relevant clinical information.

Of 47,114 patients with chronic back pain, 3,620 (7.7%) had a reported NSAID ADR. In an adjusted propensity score-matched analysis, patients with NSAID ADRs had higher odds (odds ratio, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.07-1.67) of developinhronic pain.The Chemical Countermeasures Research Program (CCRP) was established in 2006 by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID/NIH) on behalf of the National Institutes of Health Office of the Director (NIH OD). It is a trans-NIH initiative to expedite the discovery and early development of medical countermeasures (MCMs) that can reduce mortality and serious morbidity during and after large consequence public health emergency involving the deliberate or accidental large-scale release of highly toxic chemicals (HTCs).Extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) are a type of RNA molecules that present in various biological fluids. exRNAs are heterogenous populations including small (e.g., miRNA) and long non-coding RNAs and coding RNAs (e.g., mRNA). They can exist in a free form or associate with carriers range from lipo- and ribo-proteins to extracellular vesicles such as exosomes in the extracellular fluids. exRNAs participate in cell-to-cell communication to regulate a broad array of physiological and pathological processes. exRNAs have been widely studied as a biomarker for cancer and other diseases. In this review, we will discuss the sorts of exRNAs with potential carriers as well as their roles in cancer.

Research demonstrates a variety of cognitive benefits induced by different chronic physiological stressors (e.g. motor vs. cardiovascular exercise training) and acute exercise to affect steroid hormone secretion, the present study aims to investigate 1.) motor vs. cardiovascular exercise training and their impact on salivary Testosterone, Estradiol and Progesterone and 2.) whether alterations in steroid hormones might moderate exercise-induced cognitive benefits.

In a randomized control trial, 71 preadolescent children (39 girls) at the age of 9-10 years were randomly assigned to a cardiovascular exercise group (CE), a motor exercise group (ME) as well as a control group (CON) in which students were attending assisted homework. The participants attended their program three times per week, for a total of 10 weeks. Steroid hormones in the saliva, working memory performance and state-trait anxiety levels were determined before and after the intervention.

Statistical analysis showed no chronic changes in hoestosterone, Estradiol and Progesterone nor anxiety levels in preadolescent children.Acute kidney injury (AKI) increases the risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there are few tools to detect microstructural changes after AKI. Here, cationic ferritin-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CFE-MRI) was applied to examine the heterogeneity of kidney pathology in the transition from AKI to CKD. Adult male mice received folic acid followed by cationic ferritin and were euthanized at four days (AKI), four weeks (CKD-4) or 12 weeks (CKD-12). Kidneys were examined by histologic methods and CFE-MRI. In the CKD-4 and CKD-12 groups, glomerular number was reduced and atubular cortical lesions were observed. Apparent glomerular volume was larger in the AKI, CKD-4 and CKD-12 groups compared to controls. Glomerular hypertrophy occurred with ageing. Interglomerular distance and glomerular density were combined with other MRI metrics to distinguish the AKI and CKD groups from controls. Despite significant heterogeneity, the noninvasive (MRI-based) metrics were as accurate as invasive (histological) metrics at distinguishing AKI and CKD from controls. To assess the toxicity of cationic ferritin in a CKD model, CKD-4 mice received cationic ferritin and were examined one week later. The CKD-4 groups with and without cationic ferritin were similar, except the iron content of the kidney, liver, and spleen was greater in the CKD-4 plus cationic ferritin group. Thus, our study demonstrates the accuracy and safety of CFE-MRI to detect whole kidney pathology allowing for the development of novel biomarkers of kidney disease and providing a foundation for future in vivo longitudinal studies in mouse models of AKI and CKD to track nephron fate.Kidney transplant recipients and transplant physicians face important clinical questions where machine learning methods may help improve the decision-making process. This mini-review explores potential applications of machine learning methods to key stages of a kidney transplant recipient’s journey, from initial waitlisting and donor selection, to personalization of immunosuppression and prediction of post-transplantation events. Both unsupervised and supervised machine learning methods are presented, including k-means clustering, principal components analysis, k-nearest neighbors, and random forests. The various challenges of these approaches are also discussed.Recent studies have reported a variety of urine abnormalities in patients hospitalized due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. In a single-center study from Belgium, Werion et al. present a concise investigation of tubular dysfunction in patients with coronavirus disease 2019, identifying potential risk factors for increased disease severity. These data complement current evidence regarding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 presence and potential infection in the kidney.Recurrent episodes of acute kidney injury (AKI) are common among AKI survivors. Renin-angiotensin aldosterone inhibitors (RAASi) are often indicated for these patients but may increase the risk for recurrent AKI. Here, we examined whether RAASi associates with a higher risk for recurrent AKI and mortality among survivors of moderate to severe AKI in a retrospective cohort of Veterans who survived Stage II or III AKI. The primary exposure was RAASi at hospital discharge and the primary endpoint was recurrent AKI within 12 months. Cox proportional hazards models were fit on a propensity score-weighted cohort to compare time to recurrent AKI and mortality by RAASi exposure. Among 96,983 patients, 40% were on RAASi at discharge. Compared to patients who continued RAASi use, those discontinuing use experienced no difference in risk for recurrent AKI but had a significantly higher risk of mortality [hazard ratio 1.33 (95% confidence interval1.26-1.41)]. No differences in recurrent AKI risk was observed for non-users started or not on RAASi compared to prevalent users who continued RAASi.