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69-0.97]). Conclusions Among postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes, higher levels of stressful life events were associated with higher risk of CHD. Experience of stressful life events might be considered as a risk factor for CHD among women with type 2 diabetes.Introduction A clinical prediction rule (CPR) using psychosocial questions was previously derived to target sexual healthcare in general practice by identifying women at risk of unintended pregnancy (UIP) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This psychosocial CPR may help target resources within contraception and sexual health (CASH) services. This study investigated how well it predicted recent self-reported risk of UIP and STI acquisition among women attending a CASH clinic. Methods Female patients aged 16-44 years attending a CASH clinic in South-East England were offered a questionnaire on arrival. This comprised psychosocial questions, and others addressing three sexual risks (1) two or more male sexual partners in the last year (2+P), (2) risk of STI acquisition through most recent partner and (3) risk of UIP in the last 6 months. A CPR score was calculated for each participant and cross-tabulated against self-report of each sexual risk to estimate CPR sensitivity and specificity. Results The psychosocial questions predicting 2+P had sensitivity 83.2% (95% CI 79.3% to 86.5%) and specificity 56.1% (95% CI 51.3%-60.6%). Those predicting combined 2+P and/or risk of STI acquisition through most recent partner had a sensitivity of 89.1% (95% CI 85.7%-91.8%) and specificity of 43.7% (95% CI 39.0%-48.5%). Questions predicting risk of UIP in the last 6 months had a sensitivity of 82.5% (95% CI 78.6%-86.0%) and specificity of 48.3% (95% CI 43.4%-53.1%). Conclusions The CPR demonstrated good sensitivity but low specificity, so may be suited to triaging or stratifying which interventions to offer CASH patients and by which mode (eg, online vs face-to-face). Further investigation of causal links between psychosocial factors and sexual risk is warranted to support development of psychosocial interventions for this patient group.All animals need information about the direction of motion to be able to track the trajectory of a target (prey, predator, cospecific) or to control the course of navigation. This information is provided by direction selective (DS) neurons, which respond to images moving in a unique direction. DS neurons have been described in numerous species including many arthropods. In these animals, the majority of the studies have focused on DS neurons dedicated to processing the optic flow generated during navigation. In contrast, only a few studies were performed on DS neurons related to object motion processing. The crab Neohelice is an established experimental model for the study of neurons involved in visually-guided behaviors. Here, we describe in male crabs of this species a new group of DS neurons that are highly directionally selective to moving objects. The neurons were physiologically and morphologically characterized by intracellular recording and staining in the optic lobe of an intact animal. Because of th of an animal inhabiting a flat environment.Neuroinflammation can be caused by various insults to the brain and represents an important pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease. Infection-triggered acute systemic inflammation is able to induce neuroinflammation and may negatively affect neuronal morphology, synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. In contrast to acute effects, persisting consequences for the brain upon systemic immune stimulation remain largely unexplored. Here, we report an age-dependent vulnerability of wildtype mice of either sex towards a systemic immune stimulation by Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Decreased neuronal complexity 3 months after peripheral immune stimulation is accompanied by impairment in long-term potentiation and spatial learning. Aged APP/PS1 mice reveal an increased sensitivity also to LPS of E.coli, which had no effect in WT mice. We further report that these effects are mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome activation, since the genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition using the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 rescue the morphological and electrophysiological phenotype.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAcute peripheral immune stimulation has been shown to have both positive and negative effects on Aβ deposition. Improvements or worsening may be possible in acute inflammation. However, there is still no evidence of effects longer than a month after stimulation. The data are pointing to an important role of the NLRP3 inflammasome for mediating the long-term consequences of systemic immune stimulation, which in addition turns out to be age-dependent.Objects are the fundamental building blocks of how we create a representation of the external world. One major distinction amongst objects is between those that are animate versus inanimate. In addition, many objects are specified by more than a single sense, yet the nature by which multisensory objects are represented by the brain remains poorly understood. Using representational similarity analysis of male and female human EEG signals, we show enhanced encoding of audiovisual objects when compared to their corresponding visual and auditory objects. Surprisingly, we discovered that the often-found processing advantages for animate objects was not evident under multisensory conditions. This was due to a greater neural enhancement of inanimate objects-which are more weakly encoded under unisensory conditions. Protein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor Further analysis showed that the selective enhancement of inanimate audiovisual objects corresponded with an increase in shared representations across brain areas, suggesting that the enhancement was mediulus features into objects. However, despite the fact that these features span multiple senses, little is known about how the brain combines the various forms of sensory information into object representations. Here, we used EEG and machine learning to study how the brain processes auditory, visual, and audiovisual objects. Surprisingly, we found that non-living (i.e., inanimate) objects, which are more difficult to process with one sense alone, benefited the most from engaging multiple senses.