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A detailed description of the dnatco.datmos.org web server implementing the universal structural alphabet of nucleic acids is presented. It is capable of processing any mmCIF- or PDB-formatted files containing DNA or RNA molecules; these can either be uploaded by the user or supplied as the wwPDB or PDB-REDO structural database access code. The web server performs an assignment of the nucleic acid conformations and presents the results for the intuitive annotation, validation, modeling and refinement of nucleic acids.

Experienced surgeons usually prefer early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) instead of delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy (DLC) for the treatment of acute cholecystitis (AC). However, the question remains, if ELC is also safe for beginner surgeons. This study compares ELC versus DLC for the treatment of AC as a beginner surgeon approach.

In this prospective randomized clinical trial, patients suffering AC in their first 72 hours of pain were enrolled either in Group L (n88); patients were treated surgically with ELC immediately or Group D (n88); patients were first treated medically and than treated surgically with DLC 4-8 weeks later. All operations and medical treatments were done by the same beginner surgeon.

In Group L operation time was 60 (50-65) minutes, total hospital stay was 1.5 (1-7) days and total cost was 337.38±78.46 (287-827) USD. In Group D operation time was 50.5 (45-60) minutes, total hospital stay was 5.5(3-15) days and total cost was 499.29±199.38 (321-1506) USD. There were no significant differences regarding to the complications (p>0.05). Hospital stay and total costs were significantly higher in Group D (p<0.001).

This study indicates, that ELC can definitely be chosen as a treatment approach for AC even by beginner surgeons, considering that it reduces hospital stay and total cost.

Acute Cholecystitis, Delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Surgical work experience.

Acute Cholecystitis, Delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Surgical work experience.

Various surgical and minimally invasive treatment options are available in the treatment of pilonidal sinus. In our study, we aimed to retrospectively analyze the results of crystalline phenol application in patients who applied to our clinic with pilonidal sinus.

Patients who were applied crystalline phenol due to pilonidal sinus disease between 2018- 2019 were included in the study. Semaxanib in vivo The patients were evaluated in terms of demographic characteristics, pit count, surgical treatment history, abscess drainage history, number of repeated applications, complication status, recovery rate in the first month, success rate in the first year, and recurrence.

209 patients participated in our study. The average age of patients was 25.5, and the number of male patients was 4 times that of women. The patients had an average of 2.13 pits. Twenty-two patients had a history of abscess drainage. Thirteen patients had a history of surgical treatment. The recovery rate was 89.3% in the 1-month controls and 93.7% in the 1-year controls. Repeated application was performed to 11% of the patients. Seventeen patients had recurrence after wound healing. The most common complications were skin burn (1.4%) and wound infection (1.4%).

In the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease, crystalline phenol can be safely applied with a high success rate, low recurrence rate and an acceptable percentage of complications.

Crystalline phenol application recurrence, Pilonidal sinus, Minimally invasive.

Crystalline phenol application recurrence, Pilonidal sinus, Minimally invasive.

Fungus ball (FB) represents a granulomatous mass due to a fungal colonization which may disseminate and potentially lead to a systemic infection. Maxillary fungus ball is considered to be a complication of dental treatment and, according to relevant literature, it often stems from improper endodontic therapies.

The authors report the case of a 69-year-old caucasian woman with nasal respiratory distress and frequent sinusitis symptoms. According to clinical and radiological evidence, FESS surgery was planned, thus validating FB diagnostic hypothesis.

Fungal infection should always be considered in patients with sinusitis and previous root canal theraphy. Misdiagnosis can lead to severe complications. Surgical removal seems to be effective and resolutive.

Endoscopic surgery, Fungus Ball, Maxillary sinusitiss.

Endoscopic surgery, Fungus Ball, Maxillary sinusitiss.We demonstrate a combined experimental and computational approach for the quantitative characterization of lateral interactions between membrane-associated proteins. In particular, weak, lateral (cis) interactions between E-cadherin extracellular domains tethered to supported lipid bilayers, were studied using a combination of dynamic single-molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) and kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulations. Cadherins are intercellular adhesion proteins that assemble into clusters at cell-cell contacts through cis- and trans- (adhesive) interactions. A detailed and quantitative understanding of cis-clustering has been hindered by a lack of experimental approaches capable of detecting and quantifying lateral interactions between proteins on membranes. Here single-molecule intermolecular FRET measurements of wild-type E-cadherin and cis-interaction mutants combined with simulations demonstrate that both nonspecific and specific cis-interactions contribute to lateral clustering on lipid bilayers. Moreover, the intermolecular binding and dissociation rate constants are quantitatively and independently determined, demonstrating an approach that is generalizable for other interacting proteins.Seasonal influenza virus A/H3N2 is a major cause of death globally. Vaccination remains the most effective preventative. Rapid mutation of hemagglutinin allows viruses to escape adaptive immunity. This antigenic drift necessitates regular vaccine updates. Effective vaccine strains need to represent H3N2 populations circulating one year after strain selection. Experts select strains based on experimental measurements of antigenic drift and predictions made by models from hemagglutinin sequences. We developed a novel influenza forecasting framework that integrates phenotypic measures of antigenic drift and functional constraint with previously published sequence-only fitness estimates. Forecasts informed by phenotypic measures of antigenic drift consistently outperformed previous sequence-only estimates, while sequence-only estimates of functional constraint surpassed more comprehensive experimentally-informed estimates. Importantly, the best models integrated estimates of both functional constraint and either antigenic drift phenotypes or recent population growth.