Activity

Thiete dioxide units have been employed as a template for further functionalization through C-H activation strategies. Using simple thiete dioxide building blocks, a new library of axially chiral molecules has been synthesized, owing their stability to electrostatic interactions in the solid state. Similar starting materials were further engaged in the formation of novel cyclic trimeric structures, opening on the design of unprecedented macrocyclic ring systems. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.PURPOSE Implicit bias is common and is thought to drive discriminatory behavior. Having previously demonstrated discrimination against specific applicant demographics by academic radiology faculty in a simulated resident selection process, the authors sought to better understand the relationship between implicit bias and discrimination, as well as the potential and mechanisms for their mitigation. METHOD Fifty-one faculty at three academic radiology departments, who had participated in a 2017 audit study in which they were shown to treat applicants differently based on race/ethnicity and physical appearance, were invited to complete testing for implicit racial and weight bias using the Implicit Association Test in 2019. Respondents were also surveyed regarding awareness of their own personal racial and weight biases, as well as any prior participation in formal diversity training. Comparisons were made between implicit bias scores and applicant ratings, as well as between diversity training and self-awareness of bias. RESULTS Thirty-one of 51 faculty (61%) completed and submitted results of race and weight Implicit Association Tests. Seventy-four percent (23/31) reported implicit anti-obese bias, concordant with discrimination demonstrated in the resident selection simulation, in which obese applicants were rated 0.40 standard deviations lower than non-obese applicants (p 0.2). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that implicit bias, as measured by the Implicit Association Test, does not inevitably lead to discrimination, and that personal awareness of implicit biases may allow their mitigation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND The therapeutic options in atopic dermatitis rely on consensus-based guidelines, also established for psoriasis and chronic urticaria. However, the therapeutic approach in atopic dermatitis, especially in the moderate-to-severe forms of the disease, seems less aggressive than in psoriasis and in chronic urticaria with a less frequent use of systemic agents. OBJECTIVES To compare in real life conditions the therapeutic management of adults with atopic dermatitis with those with psoriasis and chronic urticaria. METHODS A transversal analysis was performed in May 2017, using retrospective data from a monocentric database. Data on epidemiology, severity, therapeutic educational intervention and systemic treatments were analysed from 401 patients with atopic dermatitis, compared with data from 230 patients with chronic urticaria and 535 patients with psoriasis. RESULTS A high proportion (73%) of atopic dermatitis patients presented with a moderate-to-severe form of the disease compared to only 39% of chronic urticaria and 17% of psoriasis patients. Most of atopic dermatitis patients (78%) had completed a therapeutic educational program, while the adherence was lower in chronic urticaria (35%) and in psoriasis (3%) patients. A systemic treatment, including biologicals, was recorded in 8% of atopic dermatitis patients, while it concerned 26% and 47% of chronic urticaria and psoriasis patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed that atopic dermatitis treatment mostly relies on topical treatments. Only a minority of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis patients who are eligible for a systemic treatment receive such therapy. This may suggest promoting a more frequent use of systemic agents in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, debilitating disease with a considerable effect on patient quality of life. Its clinical severity can be measured using different scoring systems; however few of them include patient-centred parameters. OBJECTIVE To create a new scoring system for HS that includes a quality-of-life instrument, the HIDRAdisk. METHODS This post-hoc analysis was carried out within the framework of a multicentre, longitudinal, epidemiologic study conducted over 9 months on quality-of-life aspects of HS. The new severity score was created using as reference a question from the Subject Satisfaction Questionnaire (SSQ) concerning the severity of HS as evaluated by the patient. Associated variables were selected using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. The discriminant capabilities of the final model and of the final score were evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. RESULTS The study population included 308 patients with HS of any severity grade. According to the results of the regression models, the variables associated with the reference SSQ measure were number of inflammatory nodules, abscesses and draining fistulas; the HIDRAdisk score; and the number of subumbilical lesions. The HIDRAscore is obtained by the sum of the scores associated with the number of these parameters. Possible scores range from 0 to 10. CONCLUSION The HIDRAscore is a new scoring system for HS severity which, in addition to the clinical evaluation by the physician, includes a validated patient-reported outcome measure, the HIDRAdisk. This article is protected by copyright. selleck kinase inhibitor All rights reserved.INTRODUCTION Bruxism is often indicated as a risk factor for the occurrence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Despite the frequent co-occurrence of bruxism and TMD, the exact relationship between these phenomena has not been thoroughly explained, and their causal relationship is still considered controversial. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of TMD among sleep bruxers and non-bruxers. MATERIALS AND METHODS The participants of this study were 77 patients of the Clinic of Prosthetic Dentistry operating at the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University who had been diagnosed with TMD and probable sleep bruxism. Patients underwent video-polysomnography to assess the intensity of sleep bruxism using the Bruxism Episode Index (BEI). RESULTS The following TMD diagnoses were made local myalgia, temporal tendonitis, myofascial pain, myofascial pain with referral, hypertrophy, osteoarthrosis, disc displacement with reduction, disc displacement without reduction with limited opening, subluxation, adhesions/adherence, arthralgia, headache attributed to TMD and oromandibular dystonia.