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However, the concentration of these metals in the shoot of the plants irrigated with 25 and 50% CW was lower than the permissible limit for this use. In this study, the combined application of 3%biochar and E. cloacae R7 had a significant effect on increased root dry weight (ranging from 29 to 33%), shoot dry weight (ranging from 32 to 43%) and bacterial root colonization (ranging from 33 to 53%) and on reduced concentration of Pb (ranging from 78 to 80%) and Cd (ranging from 72 to 76%) of the shoot of maize plant (edible tissues used by livestock), which was below the permissible limits for livestock feed, compared to corresponding controls. According to the results of this study, to reduce the concentration of the heavy metals in forage maize shoot (below the permissible limits for livestock feed), it is suggested using heavy metal-contaminated water either in combination with freshwater (50 or 75% FW) or in combination with biochar and bacterial biosorbent, averting human/animal health risk.

The purpose of this paper is to describe a development project in which simulation was used to improve the telephone-based conversations between nurses in an emergency department (ED) and physicians from different specialties taking care of acutely ill patients.

A needs analysis consisting of observations and interviews was conducted and a one-day simulation-based interprofessional team training course was developed. Observations of phone conversations pre-course, three and six months after the course were conducted in the clinical setting with 20 participants in each point of time. A 14-item evaluation tool was used to record how many information pieces were communicated.

Five courses were conducted for 66 nurses/nurse assistants and 17 physicians. 9 out of the 14 items were reported significantly more after the course. Item that were not reported in the pre-measurement, increased to around 20% reporting three months after the course but then fell to close to 0% again after six months.

The patterns of retention and decrease of the effect could be an indicator for norms, values and beliefs held by professions about what constitutes their task.

The patterns of retention and decrease of the effect could be an indicator for norms, values and beliefs held by professions about what constitutes their task.The article presents classification of the thermosetting materials for bone augmentation. The physical, mechanical, biological, and clinical properties of such materials are reviewed. There are two main types of curable osteoplastic materials bone cements and hydrogels. Compared to hydrogels, bone cements have high strength features, but their biological properties are not ideal and must be improved. Hydrogels are biocompatible and closely mimic the extracellular matrix. They can be used as cytocompatible scaffolds for tissue engineering, as can protein- and nucleic acid-activated structures. Hydrogels may be impregnated with osteoinductors such as proteins and genetic vectors without conformational changes. However, the mechanical properties of hydrogels limit their use for load-bearing bone defects. Thus, improving the strength properties of hydrogels is one of the possible strategies to achieve the basis for an ideal osteoplastic material.Tropical mangroves are most productive and highly sensitive to environmental change and act as good bio-indicators of the environmental quality and health of any coastal ecosystem. The present study initiated to know the current ecological status of mangrove species at four selected study sites namely Bhavnagar (Ghogha coast), Bharuch (Dahej coast), Surat (Dumas beach) and Navsari (Purna estuaries), Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat, India. Observation for a period of one year from January 2014 to December 2014. Mangroves were evaluated for their community structures at each site by standard quadrant method and different diversity indices were used for characterize the species diversity in a mangrove community. The mangrove forest habitat supports the occurrence of a total 16 species (6 mangrove species and 10 associated plant species), 15 species occurred at Navsari, whereas 7, 6 and 10 species occurred at Bhavnagar, Bharuch and Surat respectively. Out of six mangrove species, Avicennia marina was found to be most dominant and abundant mangroves occurring among all the four study locations. The most abundant and dominant mangrove associates were Suaeda maritima and Sesuvium portulacastrum. Simpson’s diversity index was varied at a range of zero to 0.6538, showing the presence of less mangrove diversity. Navsari site presented higher diversity with Shannon and Wiener Species Diversity Index of 1.179 in comparison to other sites. The present study revealed that the species abundance, density and diversity of flora associates depend upon species density and diversity of mangroves. Therefore, mangrove forest habitats need to be protected and regular assess.

Manual dexterity is an important aspect in everyday life, which is widely studied through the Grooved Pegboard Test (GPT). click here Since Dual-Tasks (DT) activities are widely investigated and important to simulate everyday life situations, the objectives of the present pilot study were the evaluation of the effect of a cognitive task and a motor task during the performance of the GPT and the feasibility of the GPT in a DT contest. A secondary objective was to evaluate the training effect of the GPT.

A total of 31 young adults (20 man and 11 woman, age (SD) 27.7 (2.5)) performed the GPT eight times to understand the presence of a training effect before performing the GPT in DT. The additional tasks were a secondary cognitive task and a secondary motor task.

All participants were able to complete the required conditions. The GPT performed in motor DT were significantly slower than those performed singularly (p < 0.01). The GPT performed with the cognitive task was slower than the secondary motor task (p < 0.05). A training effect was present up to the 4

consecutive trial.

The GPT can be executed with a cognitive or motor task to increase the difficulty of the trial to better evaluate manual dexterity and cognitive capacities.

The GPT can be executed with a cognitive or motor task to increase the difficulty of the trial to better evaluate manual dexterity and cognitive capacities.