Activity

in the current FAI literature.

II.

II.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate of return to play (RTP) in patients who underwent Type V superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) repair compared to patients who underwent isolated Bankart repair in the setting of traumatic anterior shoulder instability.

A retrospective review of patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair and SLAP repair by a single surgeon between 2012 and 2017 was performed. Additionally, these were pair-matched in a 12 ratio for age, sex, sport and level of pre-operative play, with those undergoing isolated arthroscopic Bankart repair alone as a control group. RTP, level of RTP and the timing of RTP were assessed.

The study included a total of 96 patients, with 32 in the study group and 64 in the control group, and a mean follow-up of 59months. Overall, there was no significant difference in the overall rate of return to play (26/32 (81.3%) vs 56/64 (87.5%), n.s), but there was a significantly higher rate of RTP at the same/higher level in the control group (14/32 (43.6%) vs 43/64 (67.2%), p = 0.0463). There was no significant difference in timing of RTP between the groups (n.s). There was no significant difference in recurrent instability (6/32 (18.8%) vs 5/64 (7.8%), n.s) but there was a significant difference in revision rates (5/32 (15.6%) vs. 2/64 (3.1%), p = 0.0392) between the Type V SLAP repair group and the control group.

Following arthroscopic repair, patients with Type V SLAP tears had a similar overall rate of RTP when compared directly to a control group of patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair alone. However, those who underwent Type V SLAP repair reported significantly lower rates of RTP at the same or higher level compared to the control group.

III.

III.

Overexpression of CiNPR4 enhanced resistance of transgenic citrus plants to Huanglongbing by perceiving the salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signals and up-regulating the transcriptional activities of plant-pathogen interaction genes. Developing transgenic citrus plants with enhanced immunity is an efficient strategy to control citrus Huanglongbing (HLB). Here, a nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related gene 1 (NPR1) like gene from HLB-tolerant ‘Jackson’ grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.), CiNPR4, was introduced into ‘Wanjincheng’ orange (Citrus sinensis Obseck). CiNPR4 expression was determined in transgenic citrus plants using quantitative real-time PCR analyses. The Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) pathogen of HLB was successfully transmitted to transgenic citrus plants by grafting infected buds. GLXC-25878 molecular weight HLB symptoms developed in transgenic and wild-type (WT) plants by 9months after inoculation. A CLas population analysis showed that 26.9% of transgenic lines exhibited significantly lower CLas titer levels come analyses revealed that the enhanced resistance of transgenic plants to HLB resulted from the up-regulated transcriptional activities of plant-pathogen interaction-related genes.

Oral NEPA, the only fixed-combination antiemetic, is composed of the neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist netupitant (300mg) and the 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonist palonosetron (0.50mg). This study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile of netupitant and its main metabolites M1 and M3, and palonosetron in Chinese subjects. Oral NEPA tolerability and safety were also analyzed.

This was a single-center, single-dose phase 1 study in healthy, adult Chinese volunteers. Eligible subjects received oral NEPA, and blood samples were collected on day 1 predose and at various time points up until day 10 postdose. Pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed using noncompartmental methods. For safety assessments, adverse events (AEs) were monitored during the study.

In total 18 Chinese healthy volunteers received oral NEPA. Netupitant mean maximum plasma concentration (C

) [± standard deviation] of 698 ± 217ng/mL was reached at 3-6h, with a mean total exposure (AUC

) of 22,000 ± 4410h·ng/mL. For palonosetron, a mean C

of 1.8 ± 0.252ng/mL was reached at 2-6h postadministration, with a mean AUC

of 81.0 ± 14.0h·ng/mL. The most common treatment-related AEs in > 2 subjects were constipation (n = 9) and tiredness (n = 3). No severe AEs were observed, and no subject withdrew due to AEs.

Following single-dose administration of oral NEPA in Chinese subjects, the pharmacokinetic profiles of the NEPA components were mostly similar to those reported previously in Caucasians. NEPA was well tolerated with a safety profile in line with that observed in pivotal trials in Caucasians.

Following single-dose administration of oral NEPA in Chinese subjects, the pharmacokinetic profiles of the NEPA components were mostly similar to those reported previously in Caucasians. NEPA was well tolerated with a safety profile in line with that observed in pivotal trials in Caucasians.

Microglia/macrophage activation is previously reported to be involved in various ocular diseases. However, the separate role of M1/M2 phenotype microglia/macrophage in the pathological process of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) remains unknown. In this research, we explored the role and regulatory mechanism of M1/M2 microglia/macrophage in OIR in C57BL/6J mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated the time phase of M1/M2 shifting of microglia/macrophage during the natural process of OIR, which is very essential for further investigations.

C57BL/6j pups were exposed to hyperoxia environment from postnatal 7(P7) to P12 then returned to normoxia. The mice were then euthanized, and the eyes were harvested at a series of time points for further investigation. The M1/M2 phenotype microglia/macrophage activity was presented by immunofluorescent staining and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The NF-κb-STAT3 signaling and IL-4-STAT6-PPAR-γ signaling pathway activity was examined by western blot anaion of NV tufts.

Microglia/macrophage participate actively in the natural process of OIR in mice, and two phenotypes exert different functions. Treatment modulating microglia/macrophage polarize toward M2 phenotype might be a novel and promising method for ocular neovascular diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Microglia/macrophage participate actively in the natural process of OIR in mice, and two phenotypes exert different functions. Treatment modulating microglia/macrophage polarize toward M2 phenotype might be a novel and promising method for ocular neovascular diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR).