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ed because of the key role that these doctors play in managing diabetes.Periodontally affected teeth with periapical lesion indicated for periapical surgery have a poor prognosis. Using ErYAG lasers to perform simultaneous surgery on both defects may increase their survival rate. Preparing a retrograde cavity on affected teeth and obturating it is still a matter of debate among clinicians. The purpose of this case report was to describe the simultaneous use of Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet ErYAG (2,940 nm) laser in the treatment of periapical granuloma and infraossal defect and the achieved results. The ErYAG laser was used to perform flap dissection, granulation tissue removal, osteotomy and root-end resection except for initial flap incision and reflection. The cystic cavity was filled with Bio-Oss Collagen® xenograft. Results were followed up for 18 months with the help of radiographic orthopantomographic images. The outcome of this clinical case indicates that the use of ErYAG laser could be considered a suitable method to perform simultaneous periodontal and endodontic surgery.

A smokeless tobacco known as Maras powder (MP) is commonly consumed in the southern region of Turkey. To the extent of our knowledge, no previous study in literature has reported acute MP intoxication in children.

Our aim was to determine the clinical effects and treatment strategies of MP poisoning in children.Materials and methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children <18 years of age with MP intoxication who were followed up in the Intensive Care Unit between January 2016 and April 2018 in our center.

Forty-one patients (M/F= 25/16) were included in this study. The mean age was 13.2±22.4 months (age range 7 to 30 months). check details The patients presented with vomiting (n=23, 56%), cough (n=17, 41.5%), loss of consciousness (n=11, 26.8%), respiratory distress (n=6, 14.6%), convulsion (n=7, 17%), cyanosis (n=1, 2.4%), and abdominal pain (n=1, 2.4%) following oral ingestion of the substance. On their physical examination all patients with convulsion were in a comatose state. Thirty-two patients (78%) had tachycardia; 15 patients (36.5%) had pharyngeal hyperemia; and three (7.3%) had hiccups. Although the female patients had a lesser rate of symptoms than male patients, the difference was not statistically significant.

Our aim was to inform the doctors about the clinical picture that develops after taking this substance and contribute to the understanding of the treatment approach.

Our aim was to inform the doctors about the clinical picture that develops after taking this substance and contribute to the understanding of the treatment approach.

Epidemiological forecasting facilitates scientifically sound solutions to upcoming theoretical and practical issues, in the development of public health management, in particular of infectious diseases.

To critically analyze the most recent scientific advances in the biosocial nature and methodology of epidemiological forecasting to present a real-life example of pertussis, a disease with shifting epidemiology.

For the prediction of pertussis morbidity the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) the model was established by utilizing the method of time series analysis to construct a model of overall morbidity using Time series modeller in SPSS v.25. To model pertussis morbidity we obtained official data from the Ministry of Health and the National Center for Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, since the beginning of disease registration from 1903 until 2018. We also analyzed the shifting epidemiology of pertussis.

The proper identification procedures we applied indicated ARIMA (3,0,0) model to best fit our original time series of the annual whooping cough morbidity for the 1921-2018 period. The model predicts better morbidity in a one-step forecast. The incidence rate is expected to be stable at about 1.35 per 100,000 in the next three years, which is close to the 2016 level and lower than those in 2017-2018.

The ARIMA (3,0,0) model in our study is an adequate tool for presenting the pertussis morbidity trend and is suitable to forecast near-future disease dynamics, with acceptable error tolerance.

The ARIMA (3,0,0) model in our study is an adequate tool for presenting the pertussis morbidity trend and is suitable to forecast near-future disease dynamics, with acceptable error tolerance.

Methacrylate-based materials are used daily in dental practice. Specialized publications report these materials as allergens with a high sensitizing potential.

To draw the attention of dental doctors and personnel to risk factors of developing occupational allergies.

History and dermatological status of the patient were taken and he was given an epicutaneous test.

The allergy testing revealed a strong positive allergic reaction to methacrylates which persisted and was observed at 72 hours as well as on day 7. A diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis was made on the basis of the patient’s history, the clinical examination and the results of the epicutaneous test.

The presented clinical case shows that early identification of the specific causative agents allows clinicians to take adequate measures and achieve results without having to use a medicine, and stop the progression of the occupational disease and the development of complications.

The presented clinical case shows that early identification of the specific causative agents allows clinicians to take adequate measures and achieve results without having to use a medicine, and stop the progression of the occupational disease and the development of complications.

Despite clinical trials, there are still no approved specific therapies or any vaccine against COVID-19. The only option available is using investigational drugs for compassionate use. The update of the existing regulation regarding compassionate use is to ensure the effective and sustainable development of health policies and technologies over the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.

The present short communication aimed to highlight the need for early and expanded access to investigational drugs for compassionate use as well as a call for an update of the existing regulation in Bulgaria concerning compassionate use in the era of COVID-19.

In EU and Bulgaria as well, the legal framework for compassionate use was introduced by Article 83 (1) of Regulation (EC) No 726/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council; in principle, Regulations of the European Parliament and of the Council are mandatory for all Member States. Remdesivir appears to have a favorable clinical and safety profile, as reported in a case involving patients with severe COVID-19 through a compassionate use programme.