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Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a common systemic vasculitis affecting children. It is managed in the outpatient setting and rarely associated with malignancy. We present a case of neuroblastoma in a 7-year-old boy diagnosed after suspected HSP. Our case highlights the importance of maintaining a broad differential diagnosis in children with atypical HSP and performing a skin biopsy with immunofluorescence when a rash is present. Copyright © 2020 Alfath, Ferdjallah, Greengard, Askari, Sadak and Correll.Background The satisfaction of parents of infants in neonatal intensive care is important to parent-infant bonding and parents’ ability to care for their baby, including after discharge. Given the principal caregiver role of nurses in this setting, parent satisfaction is influenced by high quality nursing care. Nursing care that is required but missed, such as counseling and support, might influence parent satisfaction. How missed nursing care relates to parent satisfaction is unknown. Objective To describe the satisfaction of parents of infants in neonatal intensive care and to determine how satisfaction relates to missed nursing care in a sample of USA nursing units. Methods The design was cross-sectional and correlational. Thirty neonatal intensive care units that participate in the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators were recruited. To maximize sample variation in missed care, the highest and lowest quartile hospitals on missed nursing care, measured by nurse survey, were eligible. selleck compound Ten parentse units are highly satisfied. Neonatal intensive care nurses routinely miss care. Parent satisfaction with care and treatment is related to missed nursing care. Nursing care that is missed relates primarily to the care of the baby by the parents, which could have long term health and developmental consequences. Copyright © 2020 Lake, Smith, Staiger, Hatfield, Cramer, Kalisch and Rogowski.Decades of pre-clinical research have revealed biologic pathways that have suggested potential therapies for acute kidney injury (AKI) in experimental models. However, translating these to human AKI has largely yielded disappointing results. Fortunately, recent discoveries in AKI molecular mechanisms are providing new opportunities for early detection and novel interventions. This review identifies technologies that are revealing the exceptionally complex nature of the normal kidney, the remarkable heterogeneity of the AKI syndrome, and the myriad responses of the kidney to AKI. Based on the current state of the art, novel approaches to improve the bench-to-bedside translation of novel discoveries are proposed. These strategies include the use of unbiased approaches to improve our understanding of human AKI, establishment of irrefutable biologic plausibility for proposed biomarkers and therapies, identification of patients at risk for AKI pre-injury using clinical scores and non-invasive biomarkers, initiation of safe, and effective preventive interventions of pre-injury in susceptible patients, identification of patients who may develop AKI post-injury using electronic triggers, clinical scores, and novel biomarkers, employment of sequential biomarkers to initiate appropriate therapies based on knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology, use of new biomarkers as criteria for enrollment in randomized clinical trials, assessing efficacy, and empowering the drug development process, and early initiation of anti-fibrotic therapies. These strategies are immediately actionable and hold tremendous promise for effective bench-to-bedside translation of novel discoveries that will change the current dismal prognosis of human AKI. Copyright © 2020 Devarajan.Background Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among Lebanese men. Management of prostate cancer includes medical, radiological, and surgical intervention. In addition, active surveillance (AS) is proven as a valid option in patients with low-risk prostate cancer. Currently, data from the Middle East about AS are scarce. The aim of this study is to assess the rate of implementation of AS by physicians, determine the selection and follow-up criteria used by physicians, and identify potential barriers to its widespread adoption. Methods After receiving ethical approval, a LimeSurvey electronic questionnaire was mailed to 206 eligible urologists, oncologists, and radiation oncologists registered in the order of physicians in Lebanon. The questionnaire included dichotomous, multiple choice questions, and multiple answer questions. The 23 questions tackled sociodemographic information, physician’s attitude toward AS, and their current practices. Predictors of AS use were identified using the chi-squared and mplementation. © 2019 Asian Pacific Prostate Society, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC.Introduction A common treatment for localized prostate cancer (PCa) is radiotherapy; however, effectiveness is hampered because of toxicities and tumor resistance. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors have been identified as potential agents that could improve treatment outcomes and have demonstrated ability to increase the radiosensitivity of many human carcinomas. This retrospective human study aims to investigate the ability of COX-2 inhibitors, celecoxib, and meloxicam, to improve treatment outcomes after radiotherapy. Methods Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) data of eligible patients were obtained from Genesis Cancer Care, Southport, Australia. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients in each group that had reached biochemical relapse at two and five years after treatment. Secondary outcomes included time to biochemical relapse and PSA velocity. Results At two and five years after treatment, both the celecoxib (6.7%, 18.3%) and meloxicam (0.0%, 18.9%) showed lower relapse rates than the control (8.6%, 31.0%). Although not statistically significant, these results are clinically significant. In addition, the two treatment groups were found to increase the time to relapse, 46.20 months for celecoxib and 54.15 months for meloxicam, compared with the control group, 35.53 months. A similar trend was shown for PSA velocity with both treatment groups demonstrating lower PSA velocities compared with control. Conclusions This study provides further evidence to the potential for COX-2 inhibitors to address gaps in localizedz PCa treatment by demonstrating high clinical significance for the use of celecoxib and meloxicam. Further research should be conducted including larger retrospective studies and prospective studies to fully evaluate the benefits of COX-2 inhibitors in combination with radiotherapy for PCa. © 2020 Asian Pacific Prostate Society, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC.Background Several studies have reported the efficacy of cabazitaxel in cancer therapy; however, investigations of its safety are few. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the efficacy and safety of cabazitaxel based on treatment outcome data. Methods A questionnaire form on the use of cabazitaxel was mailed to hospitals associated with the Shinshu University. Responses were received from 11 institutions regarding 55 cases. Results Patients received a median of 4 courses of cabazitaxel treatment. Decreases in prostrate-specific antigen (PSA) were observed in 61.5% of cases with declines of 30%, 50%, and 90% in 36.5%, 23.0%, and 7.6% of cases, respectively. PSA progression-free survival was 5.0 months, and overall survival after the start of cabazitaxel was 13.0 months. Forty-five patients received postcabazitaxel treatment; 17 showed decreased PSA. Safety assessment indicated that white blood cell and neutrophil counts were significantly higher in the second than in the first course of treatmeution is required. © 2019 Asian Pacific Prostate Society, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC.Background To evaluate the relationship between body composition and the oncological outcome of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), we investigated whether body composition features including the psoas muscle may be predictive factors of ADT. Methods This study enrolled patients with hormone-naïve metastatic prostate cancer who were treated with primary ADT from April 1996 to November 2013 at Kyushu University Hospital and who underwent a computed tomography scan before primary ADT for calculating body fat percentage, psoas muscle ratio (psoas muscle, cm3/height, cm), and body mass index. Results Of the 178 patients enrolled, 60 patients died during follow-up. Median follow-up was 32 months, and progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) were 28 and 80 months, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the psoas muscle ratio was correlated with OS (hazard ratio 0.448; 95% confidence interval = 0.206-0.922; p = 0.028). Conclusions This study demonstrated that higher psoas muscle ratio predicts longer OS among patients with nonlocalized prostate cancer treated with primary ADT. © 2019 Asian Pacific Prostate Society, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC.Purpose The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pathological and oncological outcomes of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) performed by one surgeon at a single center. Subjects We evaluated 700 patients with localized prostate cancer (i.e., 250 received LRP and 450 received RARP) in the study. The clinicopathological outcomes, positive surgical margin (PSM) frequency, and biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival were compared between LRP and RARP. Results At diagnosis, the median patient age and level of prostate-specific antigsen in the serum for LRP were 68 years and 8.1 ng/ml, respectively, while those for RARP were 66 years and 7.7 ng/ml, respectively. In the LRP group, the overall PSM rate was 31.2% (11.1% for pT2a, 19.0% for pT2b, 25.0% for pT2c, 60.0% for pT3a, 64.3% for pT3b, and 50% for pT4). In the RARP group, the overall PSM rate was 20.7% (4.8% for pT2a, 15.9% for pT2b, 12.9% for pT2c, 36.9% for pT3a, 46.2% for pT3b, and 100% for pT4). The PSM rate was significantly lower for RARP in men with pT2c, pT3a, or pT3b disease (p = 0.006, p = 0.009, and p = 0.027, respectively). Based on the multivariate analysis, RARP reduced the risk of BCR (hazard ratio = 0.8, p = 0.014). Conclusions We compared the pathological findings and rates of BCR-free survival between patients who received LRP and those who received RARP at a single center. The rate of BCR-free survival was significantly higher in men classified as D’Amico high-risk patients who received RARP versus that reported in D’Amico high-risk patients who received LRP. © 2019 Asian Pacific Prostate Society, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC.Background Histopathological features after radical prostatectomy (RP) provide important information for the prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). The possible correlations between Prostate-Imaging Reporting and Data Scoring System (PIRADS) scores in multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) may also be predictive for prognosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the correlation of PIRADS scores with histopathological data. Methods A total of 177 patients who underwent preoperative mpMRI and RP for PCa from eight institutions were included in the study. Correlation of PIRADS score in preoperative mpMRI with adverse histopathological factors in RP specimen was investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results The relationship between PIRADS score and postoperative extracapsular extension, lymphovascular invasion, and seminal vesicle involvement was significant (P  less then  0.001, P = 0.032, and P = 0.007, respectively). Although the PIRADS score was significantly correlated with the number of dissected lymph nodes (p = 0.