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At lower stress levels, better socio-economic status is associated with increased subjective well-being.

Among parents raising offspring with IDD, social involvement may enhance the relationship between parental stress and subjective well-being. At lower stress levels, better socio-economic status is associated with increased subjective well-being.

It is not clear how specific gait measures reflect disease severity across the disease spectrum in Parkinson’s disease (PD).

To identify the gait and mobility measures that are most sensitive and reflective of PD motor stages and determine the optimal sensor location in each disease stage.

Cross-sectional wearable-sensor records were collected in 332 patients with PD (Hoehn and Yahr scale I-III) and 100 age-matched healthy controls. Sensors were adhered to the participant’s lower back, bilateral ankles, and wrists. Study participants walked in a ~15-meter corridor for 1 minute under two walking conditions (1) preferred, usual walking speed and (2) walking while engaging in a cognitive task (dual-task). A subgroup (n=303, 67% PD) also performed the Timed Up and Go test. Multiple machine-learning feature selection and classification algorithms were applied to discriminate between controls and PD and between the different PD severity stages.

High discriminatory values were found between motor disease staon and may be useful for cohort selection and power analyses in clinical trials of PD. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Effective treatment options for nonresectable hepatic carcinoma (HC) in dogs are limited.

Objectives were to report outcomes, complications, and tumor responses via computed tomography (CT) assessment after drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) for nonresectable HC in dogs. The authors hypothesized that major complications would be uncommon and short-term CT assessment would demonstrate stable disease or partial response.

Client-owned dogs (n = 16) with nonresectable HC.

Prospective, single-arm clinical trial. Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization was performed to varying levels of blood flow stasis. Computed tomography imaging was compared before and approximately 12 weeks after initial treatment.

Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization was successfully administered in all attempts. Based on percent change in elliptical tumor volume response (mL), stable disease (8/13; 62%) was the most common outcome followed by partial response (3/13; 23%) and progressible procedure, which promoted stable disease or partial response in 85% of dogs in this study sample.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of enzalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy in Japanese men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.

A post-hoc analysis of the Japanese subgroup in the phaseIII, randomized, multinational ARCHES study (NCT02677896) was carried out. MS275 Patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer were randomized to receive enzalutamide or a placebo, plus androgen deprivation therapy, stratified by disease volume and prior docetaxel therapy. The primary end-point was radiographic progression-free survival. Secondary end-points included time to prostate-specific antigen progression and overall survival.

Of 1150 patients, 92 Japanese patients were randomized to enzalutamide (n=36) or a placebo (n=56), plus androgen deprivation therapy; none received prior docetaxel. Enzalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy reduced the risk of radiographic progression or death in Japanese patients by 61% versus the placebo, similar to the overall population. Similar results were observed with secondary end-points, showing clinical benefit of enzalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy in Japanese patients. Overall survival data were immature. Grade3-4 adverse events were reported in 47% and 25% of the enzalutamide and placebo groups, respectively. Nasopharyngitis, hypertension and abnormal hepatic function were reported more frequently in Japanese patients versus the overall population.

Enzalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy has clinical benefit with a tolerable safety profile in Japanese men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, consistent with the overall population.

Enzalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy has clinical benefit with a tolerable safety profile in Japanese men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, consistent with the overall population.The low delivery efficiency of light-responsive theranostic nanoparticles (NPs) to target tumor sites, particularly to brain tumors due to the blood-brain barrier, has been a critical issue in NP-based cancer treatments. Furthermore, high-energy photons that can effectively activate theranostic NPs are hardly delivered to the target region due to the strong scattering of such photons while penetrating surrounding tissues. Here, a localized delivery method of theranostic NPs and high-energy photons to the target tumor using microneedles-on-bioelectronics is presented. Two types of microneedles and flexible bioelectronics are integrated and mounted on the edge of surgical forceps. Bioresorbable microneedles containing theranostic NPs deliver the NPs into target tumors (e.g., glioblastoma, pituitary adenoma). Magnetic resonance imaging can locate the NPs. Then, light-guiding/spreading microneedles deliver high-energy photons from bioelectronics to the NPs. The high-energy photons activate the NPs to treat tumor tissues by photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy. The controlled thermal actuation by the bioelectronics accelerates the diffusion of chemo-drugs. The proposed method is demonstrated with mouse tumor models in vivo.Marine animals, such as leptocephalus and jellyfish, can sense external stimuli and achieve optical camouflage in the aquatic environment. Fabricating an intelligent soft sensor that can mimic the capabilities of transparent marine animals and function underwater can enable transformative applications in various novel fields. However, previously reported soft sensors struggle to meet the requirements of adhesion, self-healing ability, optical transparency, and stable conductivity in the aquatic environment. Herein, high-performance ionogels by virtue of ion-dipole and ion-ion interactions between fluorine-rich poly(ionic liquid) and ionic liquid are designed. The hydrophobic dynamic viscoelastic networks provide excellent properties for ionogels, including optical transparency, adjustable mechanical properties, underwater self-healing ability, underwater adhesiveness, conductivity, and 3D printability. A mechanically compliant and visually invisible underwater soft sensor based on ionogel is developed. This sensor can achieve optical camouflage, human-body-motion detection, and barrier-free communication in the aquatic environment.